Recent research suggests cannabis, particularly the psychoactive compound tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) , may hold promise for combating age-related cognitive decline. A study conducted by researchers from Germany and Israel explored the anti-aging properties of THC in the brain, revealing a fascinating mechanism (1^✔ ✔Trusted Source
Bidirectional Effect of Long-Term Δ⁹-Tetrahydrocannabinol Treatment on mTOR Activity and Metabolome

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Low-dose, long-term tetrahydrocannabinol administration in old mice restored cognitive abilities and synapse density, potentially reversing brain aging. THC’s effect is tissue-specific. In the brain, it initially increases mTOR activity, a protein involved in energy production and amino acid synthesis, leading to the formation of new synapses. Unexpectedly, THC decreases mTOR activity in adipose tissue, potentially mimicking calorie restriction or exercise, both known for their anti-aging benefits.

Tetrahydrocannabinol’s (THC) Influence on mTOR Activity and Metabolic Changes in Aging

The study focused on the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a protein that significantly impacts aging by regulating cellular metabolism. Reduced mTOR signaling generally has an anti-aging effect, but it can negatively affect cognitive function in the aging brain.

Tetrahydrocannabinol’s (THC) Dual Effect:

THC seems to exert a dual effect on mTOR activity, depending on the timeframe and tissue.

1. Initial Increase: In the brain, THC initially boosts mTOR activity, providing the necessary energy and resources for creating new synapses, essential for cognitive function.

2. Later Decrease: Over time, THC reduces mTOR activity in peripheral tissues like adipose tissue, potentially mimicking the metabolic benefits of calorie restriction or exercise. This decrease might help the body conserve resources after the initial energy surge in the brain.

Metabolic Changes:

THC treatment also triggered metabolic changes, with:

• Increased levels of metabolites associated with energy production and anti-aging effects in the hippocampus (brain region crucial for memory).
• Increased levels of specific lipids (fats) with well-documented anti-aging effects.
• Increased levels of metabolites potentially influencing histone modifications, which are critical for long-term cellular processes.

Age-Dependent Effects:

Interestingly, the study found that THC’s impact on the metabolome (collection of metabolites) was age-dependent. In young mice, the effects were largely reversed compared to older mice. This suggests THC might restore the endocannabinoid system (a network of receptors and signaling molecules) to a more youthful state in older animals.

Despite no changes in food intake or physical activity, THC treatment mimicked metabolic changes associated with anti-aging lifestyle interventions like calorie restriction and exercise. This finding suggests a potential link between metabolic changes, mTOR activity, and gene expression related to cellular health and defense.

These findings, while promising, are based on animal studies. More research is needed to determine the safety and efficacy of THC for anti-aging purposes in humans. Additionally, researchers need to isolate the specific components of THC responsible for these effects to develop potential therapeutic drugs without psychoactive properties.

Overall, this study provides exciting new insights into the potential of cannabis for promoting brain health and potentially combating age-related cognitive decline. However, further research is crucial before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.

Reference:

1. Bidirectional Effect of Long-Term Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Treatment on mTOR Activity and Metabolome – (https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acsptsci.4c00002)

Source-Medindia