AI improves the accuracy of ovarian cancer detection, offering more timely diagnoses.
AI-based models can surpass human experts in detecting ovarian cancer in ultrasound images. The findings are published in Nature Medicine.
“Ovarian tumours are common and are often detected by chance,” says Professor Elisabeth Epstein at the Department of Clinical Science and Education, Södersjukhuset (Stockholm South General Hospital), at Karolinska Institutet and senior consultant at the hospital’s Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. “There is a serious shortage of ultrasound experts in many parts of the world, which has raised concerns of unnecessary interventions and delayed cancer diagnoses. We therefor wanted to find out if AI can complement human experts.”
The researchers have developed and validated neural network models able to differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian lesions, having trained and tested the AI on over 17,000 ultrasound images from 3,652 patients across 20 hospitals in eight countries. They then compared the models’ diagnostic capacity with a large group of experts and less experienced ultrasound examiners.
The results showed that the AI models outperformed both expert and non-expert examiners at identifying ovarian cancer, achieving an accuracy rate of 86.3 percent, compared to 82.6 percent and 77.7 percent for the expert and non-expert examiners respectively.
Reducing the need for expert referrals
The AI models can also reduce the need for expert referrals. In a simulated triage situation, the AI support cut the number of referrals by 63 percent and the misdiagnosis rate by 18 percent. This can lead to faster and more cost-effective care for patients with ovarian lesions.
Despite the promising results, the researchers stress that further studies are needed before the full potential of the neural network models and their clinical limitations are fully understood.
“With continued research and development, AI-based tools can be an integral part of tomorrow’s healthcare, relieving experts and optimising hospital resources, but we need to make sure that they can be adapted to different clinical environments and patient groups,” says Filip Christiansen, doctoral student in Professor Epstein’s research group at Karolinska Institutet and joint first author with Emir Konuk at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology.
The researchers are now conducting prospective clinical studies at Södersjukhuset to evaluate the everyday clinical safety and usefulness of the AI tool. Future research will also include a randomised multicentre study to examine its effect on patient management and healthcare costs.
The study was conducted in close collaboration with researchers at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology and was financed by grants from the Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Cancer Society, the Stockholm Regional Council, the Cancer Research Funds of Radiumhemmet and the Wallenberg AI, Autonomous Systems and Software Program (WASP).
Elisabeth Epstein, Filip Christiansen and three co-authors have applied for a patent through the company Intelligyn for methods of computer-supported diagnostics. Elisabeth Epstein, Filip Christiansen and Kevin Smith, researcher at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology, also own shares in Intelligyn, for which Professor Epstein is an unsalaried manager. See the paper for a full list of conflicts of interest.Source-Eurekalert
