About 13,500 participants reported physical activity levels, and 15,000 participants reported their mental and physical well-being before and during the pandemic-related restrictions in April/May 2020.

Moderate exercise like brisk walking, running, cycling decreased by an average of 41 per cent according to self-reported data; while vigorous exercise fell by a 42 percent.

The decline in activity was particularly noticeable among people over 70 years of age, who were 56 to 67 percent less active than before.

“We know that physical inactivity, especially in older people, can lead to changes that are difficult to reverse after only two weeks — for example, in body fat percentage or insulin sensitivity,” the researchers said.

Further, 73 percent of the study participants said their well-being deteriorated. The perceived quality of life as measured by the World Health Organization well-being Index, which measures mood, relaxation, activity, rest and interest, dropped on average from 68 percent before the pandemic to 52 per cent during the first lockdown phase.

Above all, people felt “less active and full of energy” and led a life “less filled with interesting things”.

The proportion of very low scores indicating a possible risk of depression tripled from 15 to 45 percent.

“These effects were stronger among women and younger people,” the study says. “More attention should be paid to the needs of women in particular, as they are significantly more vulnerable.”

Nonetheless, 14 to 20 percent of the respondents also stated that their health had improved. The reason could be more family time, greater work autonomy, fewer business trips, or a changed perception of health as possible reasons, the researchers said.

Source: IANS