A recent study explores whether loneliness predisposes individuals to conditions like depression and psychosis. The correlation, evident from medication usage, indicates a higher risk of mental health issues among lonely individuals compared to their non-lonely counterparts, notes Rodríguez-Cano. The results have been published in BJPsych Open. ()

The mental health problems identified by the study are both serious and wide-ranging.

Aftereffects of Loneliness on Mental Health

“Our research indicates that loneliness increases the risk of developing psychosis, bipolar disorders and severe depression,” says Rodríguez-Cano.

But is it loneliness that causes the mental health problems, or is it the mental health problems that cause people to feel lonely?

It can be both.

“When evaluating how loneliness develops from adolescence to adulthood, we found that people with psychotic and bipolar disorders are more likely to experience increased loneliness after adolescence.

Although we cannot identify causality in our study, the correlation between loneliness and serious mental illness is clear from a long-term perspective,” says Associate Professor Rodríguez-Cano.

Loneliness and being alone are two different things. Some people choose to be alone and cope just fine without it having a negative impact on their mental health, but lonely people can really struggle.

“For example, people who are in the early stages of mental illness during their adolescence may experience problems with their social relationships. This can result in them feeling more alone, and this worsens their psychopathology,” says Rodríguez-Cano.

Moreover, people who generally feel lonely may experience low self-esteem, and this can lead to loneliness, which in turn can increase mental disorders in adulthood.

The researchers studied approximately 2600 people who participated in the long-term study Young in Norway, which has been ongoing since 1992. It follows thousands of people who were teenagers in the 1990s.

The researchers can therefore see how the participants have fared over a long period of time. In this study, they followed the participants for over 20 years. The information they gathered was compiled with data about medication use from the Norwegian Prescription Database.

“More than 80 percent of the participants did not receive mental health medication during the period we investigated,” says Associate Professor Rodríguez-Cano.

In other words, most people do not struggle with mental health problems. However, 12 percent received at least one type of psychotropic medication, and 7 percent received two or more. In total, these groups consist of almost 500 people.

“Researchers, politicians and various social actors, both at preventive and clinical levels, should monitor loneliness during adolescence. We need to create opportunities for young people to feel less alone, thus preventing mental health problems,” concludes Rodríguez-Cano.

Reference:

1. Loneliness in adolescence and prescription of psychotropic drugs in adulthood: 23-year longitudinal population-based and registry study – (https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bjpsych-open/article/loneliness-in-adolescence-and-prescription-of-psychotropic-drugs-in-adulthood-23year-longitudinal-populationbased-and-registry-study/F6F293600503E648F7488E89B8810BAE)

Source-Eurekalert