Nursing standard precautions and isolation precautions (nursing) review for the NCLEX exam. This review will cover standard precautions for infection control and transmission-based precautions (also called isolation precautions) such as contact, droplet, and airborne precautions. In addition, I will give you 3 isolation precaution mnemonics on how to remember droplet, contact, and airborne precautions. Standard precautions are precautions we follow with every patient at all times because we do not know if the person has an infectious disease or not. This is to protect ourselves and other patients. Standard precautions include: hand hygiene, wearing appropriate PPE (personal protective equipment), injection safety, respiratory/cough etiquette, patient room placement, handling of patient laundry and equipment. Isolation precautions are precautions we follow when we know or suspect a patient has an infectious disease. Depending on the type of infectious disease the patient has we will place the patient in the appropriate precautions. For example, if a patient has Pertussis (whooping cough) we will place the patient in droplet precautions. As the nurse, we would continue to follow standard precautions along with always wearing a surgical mask during patient contact. For a patient in airborne precautions, we would wear an N95 mask along with following standard precautions and place the patient in a special AIIR room (which is a negative pressure room). For a patient in contact precautions, we would always wear gloves and a gown during patient contact and follow standard precautions. Please watch the video for details on what diseases are included with each precaution and the mnemonics to help you remember the material.
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